《中華五方五營簡介之四夷三秦》

《中華五方五營簡介之四夷三秦》

應同道好友之詢問﹐在此再次分享﹕

一般在【道教五營文化】中，大家都常在用【東夷九萬軍】，等等，但很少明白其意思，以下是簡單得記錄，供大家明瞭：

東九夷為畎夷。於夷。方夷。黃夷。白夷。赤夷。玄夷。風夷。陽夷。

南八蠻為庸蠻。濮蠻。蜀蠻。髳蠻。微蠻。越蠻。南蠻。紅蠻。

西六戎為茅津。義渠。大荔。烏氏 (吳世)。句衍。綿諸 (綿儲)。

北五狄為月支。穢貊。匈奴。單於。白屋。(後加入白狄/紅狄/長狄)

中三秦為（漢朝戰國時期）廢邱。櫟陽。高奴。

中三秦為（唐朝時期）上秦。中秦。后秦。

中華五方五營簡介 The Brief Introduction on the Five Directional Camps/Armies

中華五方五營簡介

應同道好友之詢問﹐在此再次分享﹕

中央秦宮

始於秦朝﹐秦始皇統一天下後的一種稱謂。

後又相傳與唐朝秦王李世民有關。

民間稱三秦﹐即指前中後三軍(秦王天策府所統領)。

東夷 (東瀛相關)

商周時代對山東地區一些少數民族或邦國的通稱。文選‧揚雄‧長楊賦：『其後熏鬻作虐，東夷橫畔。』文選‧王裦‧四子講德論：『昔文王應九尾狐而東夷歸周。』

【尊王攘夷】：尊敬王室，排除夷狄。清‧皮錫瑞‧經學歷史‧經學變古時代篇：『尊王攘夷，雖春秋大義，而王非唯諾趨伏之可尊，夷非一身兩臂之可攘。』

【用夏變夷】：以諸夏的文化影響外族。孟子‧滕文公上：『吾聞用夏變夷者，未聞變於夷者也。』

南蠻 (南方部落)

中國古代對南方部族的稱呼。呂氏春秋‧恃君覽‧召類：『堯戰於丹水之浦，以服南蠻。』

北方金人鄙視南方宋人的稱呼。精忠岳傳‧第十五回：『哈迷蚩奏道：臣到中原探聽消息，老南蠻皇帝，讓位與小皇欽宗。』

【南蠻鴃舌】：鴃，伯勞鳥。南蠻鴃舌為譏笑南蠻言語，聲如伯勞鳥鳴。典出孟子‧滕文公上：『今也，南蠻鴃舌之人，非先王之道，子倍子之師而學之，亦異於曾子矣。』後用以譏稱與自己不同的語音。明‧徐霖‧繡襦記‧第三齣：『中原雅韻何消記，南蠻鴃舌且休題。』

西戎 (西藏群落)

中國古代對西方邊境民族的總稱。詩經‧小雅‧出車：『赫赫南仲，薄伐西戎。』秦‧李斯‧上書諫逐客：『此五子者，不產於秦，而繆公用之，并國二十，遂霸西戎。』

西戎沒有相關成語，詞語有：

【羌戎】：羌與戎均是古時分布於西域的少數民族。泛指邊疆蠻夷之邦。文選‧揚雄‧長楊賦：『羌戎睚眥，閩越相亂。』

【犬戎】：西戎種族的一支。多分布於今陝西涇渭流域一帶，為周朝西邊強大的外患，幽王時攻陷鎬京(西京)，西周因而滅亡。亦稱為『昆夷』、『混夷』、『畎夷』。

北狄 (蒙古野族)

中國古代北方的民族。因主要居住在北方，故通稱為『北狄』。秦、漢以後成為中原對北方各族的泛稱。書經‧仲虺之誥：『東征，西夷怨；南征，北狄怨。』禮記‧王制：『北方曰狄，衣羽毛，穴居，有不粒食者矣。』

北狄沒有相關成語，詞語有：

【白狄】：春秋時狄族的一支。原在今陝西省延安、山西省介休境內，後東遷於今河北省境。因穿白色衣服，故稱為『白狄』。或作『白翟』。

【北狄】：傳說中黃帝的後裔。山海經‧大荒西經：『有北狄之國，黃帝之孫曰始均，始均生北狄。』

五營神馬簡介

五營神馬簡介

 

無兵不成軍。

無馬難調營。

 

這便是民間道教五營文化的一句俗語。

 

每在做醮或法會時﹐在”安營”區﹐必定能見到”紙紮馬”﹐一旦在”調營”﹐”安營”後﹐便會為這些”紙紮馬”開光啟靈﹐代表著”神馬千千萬萬騎”﹐守護在醮典會所或宮廟範圍。

 

在每回法師或宮廟神職人員在”點卯”﹐”中餉”及”夜巡”時﹐必定得在”神馬”前”放糧”及化”黃錢甲馬”﹐但因為如今很多已省卻此法﹐實屬可惜。

 

而在”犒軍”時﹐就得準備豐盛的”軍伙”﹐以便慰勞辛苦的守衛兵將們﹐再來就是準備清水及上等馬草蔬果來餵飽馬匹。

 

在醮典法會圓融後﹐就會已”調軍”的”反方向””收軍”並將”神馬”們化送回營。

 

如今傳統文化已慢慢被遺忘﹐回來的確實新時代的做法。

 

記得﹐傳統的還是最好。

 

三無量。

大道心。

The Official Way of Summoning back of Spiritual Armies on Tou Ya (頭牙開營安三軍)

In here you all will be seeing the Set-up and Paper-offerings used for the Summoning back of the Spiritual Armies on Tou Ya (頭牙) aka The 2nd Day of Lunar 2 Month (農曆二月初二日) - Reporting-back Date of All Spiritual Armies from their Lunar New Year "Break".

Thanks to Royce Tan of Tong Shan Tang (新加坡童善堂) & Long Shan Wei Ling Fu (正一龍山威靈府) for sharing these pictures with us.

More pictures at http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.555430954476969.1073741827.100000302071316&type=1

Tong Shan Tang’s Five Directional Flags Enhancement Ceremony 02 (新加坡童善堂五方將旗敕靈儀式之二)

Million Thanks to Vabien for sharing with us this 2nd set of Photos.

On the 17th Day of Lunar 1st Month (19 Feb 2011), an Auspicious Day for Dotting of Statues & Enhancing of Spiritual Objects, Tong Shan Tang (新加坡童善堂) had decided to Enhance the Five Directional Flags (五方將旗) at Telok Blangah Tian Gong Temple (新加坡天公廟).

At 2.30Pm, Taoist Bro Royce – Representative of Tong Shan Tang, arrived at Tian Gong Temple with the Five Directional Flags.

At 3.00Pm, LSM conducted its Dotting Ceremony dedicating to Dou Mu Yuan Jun (斗姆元君), Tai Yang Xing Jun aka Lord of Sun (太陽星君), Tai Yin Xing Jun aka Lord of Moon (太陰星君) and Heavenly Marshal Liu Hou (劉后天君).

By 4.30Pm. the whole Dotting was completed and followed by the Enhancing of the Taoist Spiritual Weapon for Ruihe and then, the Five Flags of Tong Shan Tang.

After the Enhancing of the Flags, Taoist Bro Royce proceed with the burning off of the Paper Offerings. During the burning, the Flames changed into various form of Horses and Armies, do take a closer look to see the differences (see Pics 18 - 24).

At about 5.00Pm, we left the Temple and headed back to LSM New HQ to invite the new Dotted Statues onto the Main Altar and at about 7.00Pm, Bro Royce headed back to Settle the Spiritual Armies of Tong Shan Tang to their Respective Post.

For Higher Res Pictures, please proceed to this link: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/taoism_deity_singapore_2007/photos/album/2057713541/pic/list

Tong Shan Tang’s Five Directional Flags Enhancement Ceremony (新加坡童善堂五方將旗敕靈儀式)

On the 17th Day of Lunar 1st Month (19 Feb 2011), an Auspicious Day for Dotting of Statues & Enhancing of Spiritual Objects, Tong Shan Tang (新加坡童善堂) had decided to Enhance the Five Directional Flags (五方將旗) at Telok Blangah Tian Gong Temple (新加坡天公廟).

At 2.30Pm, Taoist Bro Royce – Representative of Tong Shan Tang, arrived at Tian Gong Temple with the Five Directional Flags.

Before the Flags of Tong Shan Tang were being Enhanced and Endorsed, LSM conducted its Dotting Ceremony dedicating to Dou Mu Yuan Jun (斗姆元君), Tai Yang Xing Jun aka Lord of Sun (太陽星君), Tai Yin Xing Jun aka Lord of Moon (太陰星君) and Heavenly Marshal Liu Hou (劉后天君).

By 4.30Pm. the whole Dotting was completed and followed by the Enhancing of the Taoist Spiritual Weapon for Ruihe and then, the Five Flags of Tong Shan Tang.

At about 5.00Pm, we left the Temple and headed back to LSM New HQ to invite the new Dotted Statues onto the Main Altar and at about 7.00Pm, Bro Royce headed back to Settle the Spiritual Armies of Tong Shan Tang to their Respective Post (see Pics tstlingbing2011_01 - 05).

For Higher Res Pictures, please proceed to this link: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/taoism_deity_singapore_2007/photos/album/2057713541/pic/list

Tong Shan Tang’s Five Directional Flags Enhancement Ceremony (新加坡童善堂五方將旗敕靈儀式)

On the 17th Day of Lunar 1st Month (19 Feb 2011), an Auspicious Day for Dotting of Statues & Enhancing of Spiritual Objects, Tong Shan Tang (新加坡童善堂) had decided to Enhance the Five Directional Flags (五方將旗) at Telok Blangah Tian Gong Temple (新加坡天公廟).

At 2.30Pm, Taoist Bro Royce – Representative of Tong Shan Tang, arrived at Tian Gong Temple with the Five Directional Flags.

Before the Flags of Tong Shan Tang were being Enhanced and Endorsed, LSM conducted its Dotting Ceremony dedicating to Dou Mu Yuan Jun (斗姆元君), Tai Yang Xing Jun aka Lord of Sun (太陽星君), Tai Yin Xing Jun aka Lord of Moon (太陰星君) and Heavenly Marshal Liu Hou (劉后天君).

By 4.30Pm. the whole Dotting was completed and followed by the Enhancing of the Taoist Spiritual Weapon for Ruihe and then, the Five Flags of Tong Shan Tang.

At about 5.00Pm, we left the Temple and headed back to LSM New HQ to invite the new Dotted Statues onto the Main Altar and at about 7.00Pm, Bro Royce headed back to Settle the Spiritual Armies of Tong Shan Tang to their Respective Post (see Pics tstlingbing2011_01 - 05).

For Higher Res Pictures, please proceed to this link: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/taoism_deity_singapore_2007/photos/album/2057713541/pic/list

Pictures of Wu Ying aka Five Directional Marshals (五營神將)

Wu Ying Shen Jiang (五營神將) aka Wu Ying Yuan Shuai (五營元帥) or Wu Fang Jiang Shuai (五方將帥), meaning the Five Directional Camp Generals or Marshals.

Usually this group of Marshals will only appeared in Folks Culture Contexts or Folks Deities System (民間信仰/民間神明文化), whereas in Main-Stream Taoism (正統道教), we have other groups of Marshals or Generals who are appointed as the Protectors for an Area or Ritual/Ceremony areas.

So who are they (五營為何人)?

For Five Directional Camp Generals or Marshals, there are a few groups being recorded, here's some brief introduction on them:

1 - From Feng Shen Bang (Creation of Deities) 由封神榜演變而來

East: Lei Zhen Zi (東營雷震子)
South: Nan Gong Shi or Nan Gong Que (南營南宮適/南宮闕)
West: Yang Jian (西營楊戩)
North: Wu Ji (北營武吉)
Central: Li Na Zha (中央李哪吒)

East: Lei Zhen Zi (東營雷震子)
South: Huang Fei Hu (南營黃飛虎)
West: Yang Jian (西營楊戩)
North: Chong Hei Hu (北營崇黑虎)
Central: Li Na Zha (中央李哪吒)

2 – From the Record of 36 Generals 由三十六將演變而來

East to North: Zhang, Xiao, Lian, Liu (東至北營:張/蕭/連/劉)
Central: Li Na Zha (中央李哪吒)

3 – From Buddhist Context 由佛教護法演變而來

East to North: The Four Heavenly King aka Si Da Jin Gang
(東至北營:魔禮青/紅/海/壽 - 俗稱四大金剛)
Central: Pagoda King Li Jing (中央托塔天王李靖)

Besides these few groups, there are some other groups, but after going thru the details, I found that, they are not suitable for releasing or putting-up, so please forgive me for that.

Here are some introductions on Rituals/Ceremonies that involved in the Marshals/Armies (與五營兵將相關法事):

1 – Diao Bing Qian Jiang (調兵遣將), this is a procedure that ALL groups that needed to perform before any Events commence

2 – Fa Bing Dian Jiang (發兵點將), this is a procedure to summon, gather and appoint tasks to the Marshals and their respective subordinates

3 – Jie Jie Ding Fang (結界定方), this is a procedure to set the Territory for the Marshals and Armies to stand guard, etc (mend for External and Internal Camps 外內界營相同)

4 – Gao Shang Jun Ma (犒賞軍馬), this is a procedure to reward the Marshals and Armies after a certain Ritual/Ceremony ended

5 – Dian Jiang Shou Ying (點將收營), this procedure only occurred at the end of the whole Ritual/Ceremony, this is to send back all the Marshals and their Armies to their respective posts (各營皆回各自崗位).

For Higher Res Pictures, please proceed to this link: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/taoism_deity_singapore_2007/photos/album/1266794661/pic/list

Combination Sets of the 5 Marshals of the 5 Directional Camps (民間五營神將簡介)

5 Marshals of the 5 Directional Camps, in chn we address them as “Wu Ying Shen Jiang (五營神將)”, in hkk we address them as Ghor Yar Khun Jiong (五營軍將) or Guan Shui (元帥).

In folks’ culture, there are a few set of combinations, here’s some brief introduction on them:

Set 1:

Extracted from the Classic: “Feng Shen Bang (translated as Creation of Deities, hkk: Hong Shin Pheng 封神榜)”

East: Lei Zhen Zi, hkk: Lwi Zhen Zu (Green 雷震子)

South: Nan Gong Shi, hkk: Nam Gong Si (Red 南宮適)

West: Yang Jian, hkk: Yeung Jian (White 楊戩)

North: Wu Ji, hkk: Boo Kiat (Black 武吉)

Central: Li Na Zha, hkk: Lee Lhor Cha (Yellow 李哪吒)

Set 2:

Also extracted from the Classic “Feng Shen Bang”, but some of the Marshals changed

East: Lei Zhen Zi, hkk: Lwi Zhen Zu (Green)

South: Kang Yuan Shuai, hkk: Khong Guan Shui (Red 康元帥)

West: Yang Jian, hkk: Yeung Jian (White)

North: Zhao Gong Ming Yuan Shuai, hkk: Theo Kong Beng (Black 趙公明)

Central: Li Na Zha, hkk: Lee Lhor Cha (Yellow)

Set 3:

Also extracted from the Classic “Feng Shen Bang”, but some of the Marshals changed

East: Lei Zhen Zi, hkk: Lwi Zhen Zu (Green)

South: Huang Fei Hu, hkk: Hong/Ng Hwee Hor (Red 黃飛虎)

West: Yang Jian, hkk: Yeung Jian (White)

North: Chong Hei Hu, hkk: Zong Orh Hor (Black 崇黑虎)

Central: Li Na Zha, hkk: Lee Lhor Cha (Yellow)

Set 4:

Imported two popular Hokkien Deities into the Group

East: Lei Zhen Zi, hkk: Lwi Zhen Zu (Green)

South: Xiao Sheng Jun, hkk: Xiao/Siew Seng Ghun (Red 蕭聖者)

West: Yang Jian, hkk: Yeung Jian (White)

North: Zhang Sheng Jun aka Zhang Fa Zhu, hkk: Thiu Seng Ghun/Thiu Huat Zu (Black 張聖者)

Central: Li Na Zha, hkk: Lee Lhor Cha (Yellow)

Set 5:

Also extracted from the Classic “Feng Shen Bang”, but hardly seen in Singapore

East – South – West – North: The Four Heavenly Kings, chn: Si Da Tian Wang (四大天王)

Central: Li Jing (known as Heavenly King of the Pagoda), hkk: Lee Zeng (Yellow 李靖) 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 

And the list continue to various (not less then 10 combinations).